This is MySQL, not Postgres. Here's some discussion of this specific error:
forums.mysql.com/read.php?22,63584,63872#msg-63872
The limitation is inherent in the InnoDB storage engine. Because LimeSurvey allows rows of arbitrary length (defined by the number of questions in a survey and their types), it can easily exceed the limitations in InnoDB. Since LimeSurvey knows which database engine is being used (it's even defined by the user in $databasetabletype), it would be nice if it checked surveys before they run into this limitation.
Testing this yourself is easy. Point LimeSurvey at a MySQL instance using InnoDB tables by default. Create a survey with 11 or more text fields. Execute the survey and enter at least 768 characters in each text field. You'll get an error, and the actual SQL statement will be emailed to the survey admin.