If I understand your question correctly, there IS a filter/search option for the Central Participants Database (CPD), but it is very well hidden. It also lets you filter by participant.
I am assuming you are on Limesurvey 2.0+
Go to the CPD and select Display Participants. Look at the toolbar at the bottom of the grid and there is a tiny magnify-glass icon. Click on that and the modal will open where you can add criteria, including the participant table fields, as well as other attributes you added. You can add multiple rows to the criteria. Then when you run the filter you can choose to add the selection to a survey.